MADISON WATER UTILITY

• All values and criteria describe the printed report or sample period, not current rules, compliance, advisories, or a household tap. Repeat results across reports are not independent sampling events.
• The water-quality table combines wells. A non-detect median does not mean all samples were non-detects. Merged well cells are carried to each applicable radionuclide row. “nd” means not detected; n/a and zero are retained as printed. MCL is Maximum Contaminant Level; MCLG is Maximum Contaminant Level Goal; AL is Action Level. An aesthetic goal is not an MCL.
• The utility reused its current PDF address for multiple report years. These rows were checked against the retained historical copy identified below; the official report link is a contact/landing page, not a promise that its current PDF contains this year.
• Page 5 asterisks identify 2023 testing for Atrazine, PFOA, PFOS, Gross Alpha, Metolachlor, and Silver. The 1,1-Dichloroethane row prints no unit; none is inferred. Its PFAS table on page 4 covers 2024 and differs from the older starred PFOA/PFOS results on page 5. The printed Silver range is nd - 0.00.
• Page 1 reports an average fluoride concentration of 0.68 mg/L from 6,638 tests. This narrative average is separate from the table median. The historical chlorine goal was above 0.1 mg/L, with typical levels of 0.2–0.4 mg/L; these are report-period statements.
• Page 2 reports 3,103 routine distribution samples and one positive coliform sample. This narrative is not a report-printed violation finding.
• Page 6 describes Well 15 treatment installation beginning May 2024, with granular activated carbon and ion exchange planned for summer 2025; it describes Well 19, constructed in 1974, a three-million-gallon buried tank and nearly 500 million gallons pumped annually, with improvements forecast for late 2025. These were forecasts in this report, not completion evidence. Page 1 lists 20 active wells and more than 920 miles of water mains.
• Pages 1–2 explain that Madison draws from a deep sandstone aquifer recharged through soil and rock. Most locations were described as receiving water from one to three wells; the utility supplied an address-based well lookup. Combined well-table ranges were not presented as household results. The report directed well-specific questions to 608-266-4654. These source descriptions do not establish service or current water quality at an address.
• Page 1 describes three wells with iron/manganese filters removing more than 95% of those metals. It forecasts a fourth iron/manganese filter in 2025 and a PFAS-removal system at another well later in the publication year. Those prospective statements are not completion evidence. Its fluoride target was 0.7 mg/L, with daily well testing; the separate 0.68 mg/L average and table median must not be substituted for one another.
• Pages 1–2 provide general potential-contaminant explanations: microbes from sources such as wastewater, septic systems, livestock and wildlife; inorganic salts/metals/minerals/nutrients from natural and human sources; organic chemicals from industrial/petroleum activity and runoff; pesticides/herbicides; and radionuclides. These examples do not identify a local contamination source. The report distinguishes EPA tap-water regulation from FDA bottled-water regulation, refers questions to 800-426-4791, and advises people especially vulnerable to infections to consult their health care providers. Its groundwater-related Cryptosporidium/Giardia assessment remains the utility’s report-period statement, not an individual risk assessment.
• Page 2 defines MCL, MCLG and AL separately. Its Hazard Index explanation concerns mixtures of PFHxS, PFNA, HFPO-DA and/or PFBS and says an index greater than 1 requires action. This is the report’s printed historical regulatory explanation; current-rule status has not been established from that statement. Its unit key equates mg/L with ppm and µg/L with ppb, gives 1 mg/L = 1,000 µg/L and 1 ppb = 1,000 ppt, identifies pCi/L as radioactivity, and defines nd as not detected. The one-second-in-32-years analogy illustrates ppb, not an exposure assessment.
• Page 3 explains that lead can come from service lines and building plumbing and may vary over time, so a single non-detect does not establish absence of exposure. It discusses certified lead-reduction filters, following filter instructions, using cold water for drinking/cooking/formula, and flushing before use; it explicitly says boiling does not remove lead. The four-part illustration says to identify and remove lead piping/fixtures, use the cold tap, run it until its temperature changes, and contact the utility about testing an older home. These are historical general instructions, not a verified material finding or an address-specific flushing duration.
• Page 3 lists Public Health Madison & Dane County at 608-266-4821 and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene at 608-224-6203 for testing information. This is a historical referral list, not evidence both still offer the same testing service. The current laboratory guidance on this page separately explains reviewed service availability.
• Page 3 dates its statement that no known lead lines were connected to the Madison system to December 31, 2024. It says the inventory uses permits, tap cards, meter records, maintenance and replacement work; historical records can be inaccurate and unknown lines may be discovered. It describes a possible rebate covering half the replacement cost up to $3,000, with 608-266-4651 and [email protected] as contacts. Neither the dated statement nor the rebate description resolves the later inventory discrepancy or establishes current eligibility.
• Page 4 says nearly 8,000 lead pipes were removed or replaced between 1995 and 2011. Its 2023 lead/copper round sampled 50 selected customer taps, within a once-every-three-years program. It describes removing newly discovered lead service lines rather than adding phosphorus-based corrosion-control chemicals. The diagram distinguishes water main, curb stop, property line, service line and internal plumbing; it does not delineate ownership responsibilities for a particular property.
• Page 4 describes testing wells twice annually for up to 30 PFAS, with at least one detected in four wells in 2024. Its historical narrative lists PFBA, PFBS, PFPeA, PFPeS, PFHxA, PFHxS, PFHpA, PFOA, PFOS and 6:2 FTS as detected at least once. It notes that values are often 2 ppt or lower except for PFBA/PFHxS at certain wells (6, 9, 11 and 14), and that reporting limits and analytical methods affect comparisons. These are distinct from its five 2024 PFAS rows and the main table’s older starred PFOA/PFOS results. General PFAS product/landfill pathways in the text do not establish the cause of any local result.
• Page 6 describes Well 15 on East Washington Avenue, limited testing near landfills and the airport, its 2019 shutdown amid PFAS concerns, and the city/utility commitment not to return it to service until treatment was installed. The planned granular activated carbon would address PFAS and other volatile organic compounds, while ion exchange would reduce short-chain PFAS. The report also identifies PCE and TCE as treatment targets. Statements about future non-detect performance and summer 2025 delivery are forecasts, not verified results.
• Page 6 describes Well 19 on University of Wisconsin property on Lake Mendota Drive near Eagle Heights, serving the university and nearby west-side neighborhoods. Its project targets naturally occurring iron, manganese and radium; it distinguishes taste/appearance concerns for the former two from radium’s primary-contaminant regulation. The report forecasts testing/start-up in late 2025 and non-detect iron/manganese after treatment. Those expectations do not prove completion or measured removal.
• Pages 1 and 6 list 119 E. Olin Avenue, Madison, WI 53713; 608-266-4651; [email protected]; report-copy/water-quality phone 608-261-9299; General Manager Krishna Kumar; and Board President Patrick Delmore. The social handles are Facebook madisonwater, Twitter MadWaterUtility and Instagram madison_water. These are report-printed contacts and officeholders, not a verified current staffing list.
• Page 6 offers free language services at 608-266-4651 in English, Spanish, Hmong and Chinese. It lists board meetings at 119 E. Olin Avenue at 4:30 p.m., with 2025 dates May 27, June 24, July 22, August 26, September 30, October 29 and November 24. Dates are explicitly subject to change; the report refers readers to the official board calendar. This list is not evidence that meetings occurred.

Source: Madison Water Utility report page and historical-copy contact. These entries describe that report period, not current conditions or a household tap result.

Retained 2024 PDF SHA-256: b259820c332b6b793482e131876cd8eae94c0c1dff90f9dfbc2c1127f47a7a47. Source copy retained August 27, 2026; tables rechecked September 16, 2026.

• All values and criteria describe the printed report or sample period, not current rules, compliance, advisories, or a household tap. Repeat results across reports are not independent sampling events.
• The water-quality table combines wells. A non-detect median does not mean all samples were non-detects. Merged well cells are carried to each applicable radionuclide row. “nd” means not detected; n/a and zero are retained as printed. MCL is Maximum Contaminant Level; MCLG is Maximum Contaminant Level Goal; AL is Action Level. An aesthetic goal is not an MCL.
• The utility reused its current PDF address for multiple report years. These rows were checked against the retained historical copy identified below; the official report link is a contact/landing page, not a promise that its current PDF contains this year.
• Page 2 microbiological narrative: 2,787 distribution samples; none positive for coliform bacteria during 2021. This narrative is not a report-printed violation finding.
• Page 4 UCMR narrative: in 2018, 2-methoxyethanol was found at Well 26 (0.5 ppb) and 1-butanol at Well 28 (8.0 ppb). The report says later testing found neither at any well, without a date or detection limit for that follow-up. These are older narrative findings, not 2021 table results.
• Page 1 reports an average fluoride concentration of 0.66 mg/L from 6,653 tests. This narrative average is separate from the table median. The historical chlorine goal was above 0.1 mg/L, with typical levels of 0.2–0.4 mg/L; these are report-period statements.
• Pages 1–2 and the health explanation describe the deep sandstone aquifer, rain/snow recharge and natural filtration; general microbial, inorganic, organic, pesticide/herbicide and radioactive potential contaminants; and the distinction between a detected substance and a health-risk finding. Examples of possible sources are not attribution of a particular local result. Readers especially vulnerable to infections are referred to health care providers and EPA’s 800-426-4791 hotline. The utility’s statements about its groundwater source and Cryptosporidium/Giardia remain historical assessments, not an assurance for an individual tap.
• Page 2 defines MCL as the highest allowed concentration, MCLG as the goal below which no known or expected health risk exists with a margin of safety, and AL as a concentration that triggers treatment or other requirements. The printed units equate mg/L with ppm and µg/L with ppb; 1 mg/L equals 1,000 µg/L, and 1 ppb equals 1,000 ppt. The report uses one second in 32 years to illustrate ppb; pCi/L measures radioactivity and nd means not detected. Table ranges combine minimum/maximum well measurements, which may not represent water at a home. Well-specific questions are directed to 608-266-4654.
• Page 2 describes nearly 8,000 lead pipes removed or replaced during 1995–2011. Its statement about all known lead services does not establish the material of building fixtures, faucets or pipes. It discusses greater lead pickup while water stands in plumbing and historically recommends running water for 2–3 minutes before drinking/cooking. That is the report’s general advice, not an address-specific current flushing prescription. Historical laboratory referrals list Public Health Madison & Dane County at 608-266-4821 and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene at 608-224-6202; current availability and contact details must be checked separately.
• The source-protection box recommends limiting road salt to recommended amounts (wisaltwise.com), disposing of household hazardous chemicals through Clean Sweep (danecountycleansweep.com), tending lawns/gardens without harmful chemicals, and using non-toxic or biodegradable cleaning products. These are the report’s groundwater-protection suggestions, not treatment instructions or proof of effects at a particular well.
• Historical contact and participation resources include madisonwater.org; Facebook madisonwater, Twitter MadWaterUtility, and Instagram madison_water where printed; my.cityofmadison.com for water-quality/flushing updates; project information and public input; and the board calendar at madison.legistar.com/Calendar.aspx. Free language services are offered at 608-266-4651 in English, Spanish and Hmong. Printed meeting dates may change and do not establish that a meeting occurred. These historical contact paths are not represented as a current directory.
• Page 1 describes 21 active wells and more than 900 miles of interconnected pipes, most locations supplied by one to three wells, daily fluoride testing toward 0.7 mg/L, and three wells filtering more than 95% of iron/manganese to reduce rust-colored water. These are historical counts and treatment descriptions.
• Page 4 describes testing all active wells for 33 PFAS, with at least one detected in 12 wells. PFOA or PFOS was found in 11 wells, with combined results from <1 ppt to 2.1 ppt. Its discussion of 2019 DHS recommendations, a 2021 DNR proposal, and other-state standards remains historical. The plan to test active wells twice in 2022 is not proof those future tests occurred.
• Page 4’s PFAS table footnote says PFBS was not detected at Well 18 upon retesting. The source defines its Health Advisory Level as a concentration whose exceedance poses a health risk and may require a public notice; that is the report’s historical definition, not a current advisory or a finding that a notice was required for these data. It says Well 15 had been out of service since March 2019 and directs readers to the PFAS update list.
• Page 1 expands its source-protection suggestions to finding PFAS-free alternatives via pfascentral.org and gardening information at learningstore.extension.wisc.edu. These source-listed resources are context, not independently verified products or current service availability.
• Pages 1 and 4 list General Manager Krishna Kumar and Board President Eugene McLinn, 608-266-4651 and report questions at 608-266-4654. Board meetings are described as virtual or in person at 119 E. Olin Avenue, Madison, WI 53713. The printed 2022 dates are June 28, July 26, August 23, September 20, October 25 and November 22, subject to change. No meeting time is supplied in that section.

Source: Madison Water Utility report page and historical-copy contact. These entries describe that report period, not current conditions or a household tap result.

Retained 2021 PDF SHA-256: 2441584770ee1794770f2d1938456b9f17cc5dd9ae96d0edcf4d92d4f6bdeefd. Source copy retained August 27, 2026; tables rechecked September 16, 2026.

• All values and criteria describe the printed report or sample period, not current rules, compliance, advisories, or a household tap. Repeat results across reports are not independent sampling events.
• The water-quality table combines wells. A non-detect median does not mean all samples were non-detects. Merged well cells are carried to each applicable radionuclide row. “nd” means not detected; n/a and zero are retained as printed. MCL is Maximum Contaminant Level; MCLG is Maximum Contaminant Level Goal; AL is Action Level. An aesthetic goal is not an MCL.
• The utility reused its current PDF address for multiple report years. These rows were checked against the retained historical copy identified below; the official report link is a contact/landing page, not a promise that its current PDF contains this year.
• Page 2 microbiological narrative: 2,745 distribution samples; none positive for coliform bacteria during 2020. This narrative is not a report-printed violation finding.
• The 2020 report also contains PFAS bar charts (page 4) without exact numeric labels for every bar. No concentrations were estimated from bar heights. The printed numeric table results above remain separate from those charts.
• Page 1 reports an average fluoride concentration of 0.69 mg/L from 6,844 tests. This narrative average is separate from the table median. The historical chlorine goal was above 0.1 mg/L, with typical levels of 0.2–0.4 mg/L; these are report-period statements.
• Page 1 describes 2018/2019 UCMR sampling of 22 wells for 20 chemicals: 2018 detections of 2-methoxyethanol at Well 26 (0.5 ppb) and 1-butanol at Well 28 (8.0 ppb). Later testing found neither, without a follow-up date or detection limit. These are historical narrative results, not new annual table samples.
• Pages 1–2 and the health explanation describe the deep sandstone aquifer, rain/snow recharge and natural filtration; general microbial, inorganic, organic, pesticide/herbicide and radioactive potential contaminants; and the distinction between a detected substance and a health-risk finding. Examples of possible sources are not attribution of a particular local result. Readers especially vulnerable to infections are referred to health care providers and EPA’s 800-426-4791 hotline. The utility’s statements about its groundwater source and Cryptosporidium/Giardia remain historical assessments, not an assurance for an individual tap.
• Page 2 defines MCL as the highest allowed concentration, MCLG as the goal below which no known or expected health risk exists with a margin of safety, and AL as a concentration that triggers treatment or other requirements. The printed units equate mg/L with ppm and µg/L with ppb; 1 mg/L equals 1,000 µg/L, and 1 ppb equals 1,000 ppt. The report uses one second in 32 years to illustrate ppb; pCi/L measures radioactivity and nd means not detected. Table ranges combine minimum/maximum well measurements, which may not represent water at a home. Well-specific questions are directed to 608-266-4654.
• Page 2 describes nearly 8,000 lead pipes removed or replaced during 1995–2011. Its statement about all known lead services does not establish the material of building fixtures, faucets or pipes. It discusses greater lead pickup while water stands in plumbing and historically recommends running water for 2–3 minutes before drinking/cooking. That is the report’s general advice, not an address-specific current flushing prescription. Historical laboratory referrals list Public Health Madison & Dane County at 608-266-4821 and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene at 608-224-6202; current availability and contact details must be checked separately.
• The source-protection box recommends limiting road salt to recommended amounts (wisaltwise.com), disposing of household hazardous chemicals through Clean Sweep (danecountycleansweep.com), tending lawns/gardens without harmful chemicals, and using non-toxic or biodegradable cleaning products. These are the report’s groundwater-protection suggestions, not treatment instructions or proof of effects at a particular well.
• Historical contact and participation resources include madisonwater.org; Facebook madisonwater, Twitter MadWaterUtility, and Instagram madison_water where printed; my.cityofmadison.com for water-quality/flushing updates; project information and public input; and the board calendar at madison.legistar.com/Calendar.aspx. Free language services are offered at 608-266-4651 in English, Spanish and Hmong. Printed meeting dates may change and do not establish that a meeting occurred. These historical contact paths are not represented as a current directory.
• Page 1 describes 21 active wells and more than 900 miles of pipes, most locations supplied by one to three wells, the myWells lookup, daily fluoride testing toward 0.7 mg/L, and three wells filtering approximately 95% of iron/manganese to reduce rust-colored water. “Approximately 95%” is retained rather than changed to another report’s “more than 95%”.
• Page 4 describes testing all active wells for 36 PFAS and finding at least one in every well, while PFOA or PFOS was found at 16 wells. Its combined PFOA/PFOS narrative range is <1 ppt to an estimated 3.4 ppt. Its Wisconsin DHS 20-ppt recommendation, other-state comparisons and “not regulated” wording are historical source statements. It says Well 15 had been out of service since March 2019 and planned repeat testing in 2021.
• Page 4’s stacked chart uses a 0–50 ppt axis in 5-ppt steps and three legend categories: PFOA+PFOS, PFBA and Other PFAS. It labels wells 06, 07, 08, 09, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 31. Exact values are not printed on every bar; chart heights are not converted into measurements.
• Page 4 advertises a $100 WaterSense high-efficiency toilet replacement bill credit for businesses, nonprofits, single-family homes, condos and apartments, with an application mailed with the original receipt through the Sustainability-page instructions. This is a historical program description, not verified current funding or eligibility.
• Page 4 lists General Manager Joe Grande and Board President Eugene McLinn, 119 E. Olin Avenue, Madison, WI 53713, 608-266-4651 and report questions at 608-266-4654. It says board meetings were virtual and lists 2021 dates June 22, July 27, August 24, September 28, October 26 and November 23, subject to change. No meeting time is inferred from the other reports.

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Source: Madison Water Utility report page and historical-copy contact. These entries describe that report period, not current conditions or a household tap result.

Retained 2020 PDF SHA-256: 9966e34dc71906321b6f731d81e1aa2de0af78c1bc9ecf5029580d1a8b054351. Source copy retained August 27, 2026; tables rechecked September 16, 2026.

• All values and criteria describe the printed report or sample period, not current rules, compliance, advisories, or a household tap. Repeat results across reports are not independent sampling events.
• The water-quality table combines wells. A non-detect median does not mean all samples were non-detects. Merged well cells are carried to each applicable radionuclide row. “nd” means not detected; n/a and zero are retained as printed. MCL is Maximum Contaminant Level; MCLG is Maximum Contaminant Level Goal; AL is Action Level. An aesthetic goal is not an MCL.
• The utility reused its current PDF address for multiple report years. These rows were checked against the retained historical copy identified below; the official report link is a contact/landing page, not a promise that its current PDF contains this year.
• Page 2 microbiological narrative: 2,909 distribution samples; none positive for coliform bacteria during 2019. This narrative is not a report-printed violation finding.
• The 2019 report also contains PFAS bar charts (page 1) without exact numeric labels for every bar. No concentrations were estimated from bar heights. The printed numeric table results above remain separate from those charts.
• Page 1 reports an average fluoride concentration of 0.71 mg/L from 6,752 tests. This narrative average is separate from the table median. The historical chlorine goal was above 0.1 mg/L, with typical levels of 0.2–0.4 mg/L; these are report-period statements.
• Page 4 describes 2018/2019 UCMR sampling of 22 wells for 20 chemicals: 2018 detections of 2-methoxyethanol at Well 26 (0.5 ppb) and 1-butanol at Well 28 (8.0 ppb). Later testing found neither, without a follow-up date or detection limit. These are historical narrative results, not new annual table samples.
• Pages 1–2 and the health explanation describe the deep sandstone aquifer, rain/snow recharge and natural filtration; general microbial, inorganic, organic, pesticide/herbicide and radioactive potential contaminants; and the distinction between a detected substance and a health-risk finding. Examples of possible sources are not attribution of a particular local result. Readers especially vulnerable to infections are referred to health care providers and EPA’s 800-426-4791 hotline. The utility’s statements about its groundwater source and Cryptosporidium/Giardia remain historical assessments, not an assurance for an individual tap.
• Page 2 defines MCL as the highest allowed concentration, MCLG as the goal below which no known or expected health risk exists with a margin of safety, and AL as a concentration that triggers treatment or other requirements. The printed units equate mg/L with ppm and µg/L with ppb; 1 mg/L equals 1,000 µg/L, and 1 ppb equals 1,000 ppt. The report uses one second in 32 years to illustrate ppb; pCi/L measures radioactivity and nd means not detected. Table ranges combine minimum/maximum well measurements, which may not represent water at a home. Well-specific questions are directed to 608-266-4654.
• Page 2 describes nearly 8,000 lead pipes removed or replaced during 1995–2011. Its statement about all known lead services does not establish the material of building fixtures, faucets or pipes. It discusses greater lead pickup while water stands in plumbing and historically recommends running water for 2–3 minutes before drinking/cooking. That is the report’s general advice, not an address-specific current flushing prescription. Historical laboratory referrals list Public Health Madison & Dane County at 608-266-4821 and Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene at 608-224-6202; current availability and contact details must be checked separately.
• The source-protection box recommends limiting road salt to recommended amounts (wisaltwise.com), disposing of household hazardous chemicals through Clean Sweep (danecountycleansweep.com), tending lawns/gardens without harmful chemicals, and using non-toxic or biodegradable cleaning products. These are the report’s groundwater-protection suggestions, not treatment instructions or proof of effects at a particular well.
• Historical contact and participation resources include madisonwater.org; Facebook madisonwater, Twitter MadWaterUtility, and Instagram madison_water where printed; my.cityofmadison.com for water-quality/flushing updates; project information and public input; and the board calendar at madison.legistar.com/Calendar.aspx. Free language services are offered at 608-266-4651 in English, Spanish and Hmong. Printed meeting dates may change and do not establish that a meeting occurred. These historical contact paths are not represented as a current directory.
• Page 1 describes 23 wells and more than 900 miles of interconnected pipes, most locations receiving one to three wells, daily fluoride testing toward 0.7 mg/L, three iron/manganese-filter wells and a fourth with VOC air stripping followed by pH adjustment to limit scale. These are historical operational descriptions.
• Page 1 describes testing all 23 wells for up to 30 PFAS and detections in 14 wells. It says Well 15 was taken out of service in March 2019 and Well 23 had not been used since 2017. Its statements about other states’ standards and the Wisconsin DHS 20 ppt combined PFOA/PFOS recommendation are dated report context. It reports PFOA or PFOS at 12 wells, from an estimated <1 ppt to 12 ppt, and planned repeat testing in 2020. The text’s “PFOA + PFOA” wording is a source typo alongside the chart’s PFOA + PFOS label; no new analyte definition is inferred.
• Page 1’s first chart is Combined PFAS Level (ppt), axis 0–70 in 10-ppt steps, for wells 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 23, 26, 27 and 29. Its second chart is Combined PFOA + PFOS (ppt), axis 0–20 in 5-ppt steps, for wells 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 23, 26 and 27. Wells 15 and 23 have patterned bars. Exact concentrations are not printed on each bar, so none are estimated from heights.
• Page 4 advertises the $100 WaterSense high-efficiency toilet-replacement bill credit for businesses, nonprofits, single-family homes, condos and apartments. Its historical application path is the Sustainability tab, a mailed form and original purchase receipt. It also promotes weekly/daily/hourly conservation tracking and Inside MWU news; current funding or eligibility is not established.
• Page 4 lists General Manager Tom Heikkinen, Board President Eugene McLinn, 119 E. Olin Avenue, Madison, WI 53713, 608-266-4651 and report questions at 608-266-4654. The printed 2020 board dates are June 23, July 28, August 25, September 22, October 27 and November 24, at 4:30 p.m. at the office, subject to change.

Scroll within the chart on a narrow screen. Keyboard users can focus it and use the arrow keys.

Scroll within the chart on a narrow screen. Keyboard users can focus it and use the arrow keys.